Sun Moon Star Crystal House(Chelyabinsk Meteorite、Iron-nickel Meteorite) http://www.sunmoonstar.com.hk

Chinese Name：車里雅賓斯克隕石、隕鐵、鐵隕石、隕石
English Name：Chelyabinsk Meteorite、Meteorite、Iron-nickel Meteorite
Classification：Stony Meteorites, Chondrites
Chemical Composition：composed mostly of silicate minerals, but the great majority also contain metallic iron in small-scattered grains
Lustre：Vitreous to metallic
Related Chakra：Get through all chakras
Colour：Dark Brown to silver black
Locality： Lake Chebarkul, Chelyabinsk Oblast, Russia
Meteorite Formation： A meteorite is a solid piece of debris from an object, such as a comet, asteroid, or meteoroid, that originates in outer space and survives its passage through the Earth's atmosphere and impact with the Earch's surface.
Chondrites：Chondrites are named for their most prominent feature - millimeter-sized spherical bodies called chondrules. These chondrules (from the Greek for small sphere) formed 4.5 billion years ago in the Solar Nebula - the cloud of gas and dust from which the Sun, planets, asteroids, and comets formed.
About Chelyabinsk meteorite： The Chelyabinsk meteorite (Russian: Челябинский метеорит) is the fragmented remains of the large Chelyabinsk meteor of 15 February 2013 which reached the ground after the meteor's passage through the atmosphere. The descent of the meteor, visible as a brilliant superbolide in the morning sky, caused a series of shock waves that shattered windows, damaged approximately 7,200 buildings and left 1,500 people injured. The resulting fragments were scattered over a wide area.

Russian scientists found the largest fragment raised from the bottom of Lake Chebarkul on 16 October 2013 had a mass of 540 kg (1,190 lb), 13 meters length, the total mass of other 7 meteorite fragments found nearby was 84.4 kg.

Where do meteorites come from： Most meteorites are belived to oriniate in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter, and were formed early in the history of the Solar System ~4.56 bilion years ago.

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Functions：
1.	Due to its origin from the outer space universe, people believe that Meteorite can help them speaking to God and as a powerful media for praying & making wishes.
2.	Enhance the health for bone & muscle. Balancing nervous system.
3.	Get through & protect all chakras of body, suitable for meditation.
4.	Has very strong cleaning power (chakra), get through all parts of body, eliminate sickness. Also enhance/stimulate the energy level of other stones.
5.	People believe that wearing Meteorite items can enhance blood circulation, and to enhance vitality and energy which bendfits one's physical strength and resistance against disease, as well as the intimate lives between husband and wife.
6.	Wear meteorite, enchance physical strength & withstandingness when doing exercise.

General care：

1.	Meteorite can be scratched easily, so wear with caution.
2.	Do not soak in water.
3.	Do not soak in jewellery cleaner.
4	Avoid contact with household cleaners.
5.	Avoid using ultrasonic and steam cleaners.
6.	Cleaning: Clean using lukewarm plain water and soft brush, then dry using a soft cloth. (Do remember to dry it cause meteorite might oxidize easily!)

Classification of Meteorites:
1.	Iron Meteorites				2.	Stony Meteorites				3.	Stony-iron meteorites
	1.1	Kamacite	1.2	Taenite		2.1	Chondrites	2.2	Achondrites		3.1	Pallasites	3.2	Mesosiderites

Classification of Meteorites
1.	Iron Meteorites
	Iron meteorites are composed of iron and nickel and are extremely dense. They are pieces of the cores of asteroids. Early in Solar System history, asteroids melted and the dense iron-nickel metal sank to the center to form a core - much like the Earth has a core. One of the most distinguishing features of meteorites is the presence of the Widmanstatten pattern - the distinctive series of bands in geometric patterns. This pattern is created by the intergrowth of two different iron-nickel minerals formed during very slow cooling (a few degrees every million years) in the core of the asteroid. The presence of nickel is a universal feature of iron meteorites. Iron meteorites are subdivided into classes both by chemical composition and structure. Structural classes are determined by studying their 2 component iron-nickel alloys: Kamacite and Taenite.
	1.1 Kamacite
	Kamacite is an alloy of iron and nickel, the proportion iron:nickel is beteween 90:10 to 95:5; small quantities of other elements, such as cobalt or carbon may also be present. It is a major constituent of iron meteorites (octahedrite and hexahedrite types). In the octahedrites it is found in bands interleaving with taenite forming Widmanstatten patterns. In hexahedrites, fine parallel lines called Neumann lines are often seen, which are evidence for structural deformation of adjacent kamacite plates due to shock from impacts. Hardness: around 4
	1.1.1 Gibeon Meteorites	The Giben Meteorite is a fine octahedrite iron meteorite which flamed into our atmosphere as a visible star-like streak an estimated 30,000 years ago, landing in what is present day Namibia. Prior to this, the Gibeon meteorite traveled through space for over 4 billion years before it was finally trapped by the Earth's gravitational field and pulled to earth as a fire ball.
		Location Found	Classification	Age	Year Found	Rough	After Polished
		Gibeon (Namibia)	Kamacite Fine Octahedrite (IVA)	4 billion years Time of Fall: ~ 30,000 years ago	1838
	1.1.2 Muonionalusta Meteorite	The Muonionalusta is a meteorite classified as fine octahedrite, type IVA (Of) which impacted in northern Scandinavia, west of the border between Sweden and Finland, about one million years BCE.
		Location	Classification	Age	Year Found	Rough	After Polished
		Norrbotten (Sweden)	Kamacite Fine Octahedrite (IVA)	4 billion years Time of Fall: about one millions years BCE.	1906
	1.1.3 Sikhote-Alin Meteorite	A conical meteorite fell in a corn field near the village of Bogga Dingare after a bright fireball was witnessed moving west to east and an explosion was heard. The local people hammered the meteorite into many pieces, and most of the material was dispersed.
		Location	Type	Age	Year Found	Rough	After Polished
		Sikhote-Alin Mountains, Maritime Province, Russia	Kamacite coarse octahedrite (IIAB)	4.5 Billion years Time of Fall: 1947, February 12	1956
	1.1.4 Agoudal Iron Meteorite	Also Known As: Imilchil. In 2000 two small pieces of "iron" were collected in the Agoudal area, High Atlas Mountains, Morocco. Later in September 2011, one piece was sold to a dealer who recognized it as an iron meteorite. Since then many more pieces have been collected. Type IIAB iron meteorites are also called hexahedrites. Hexahedrites are low nickel iron meteorites.
		Location	Type	Age	Year Found	Rough	After Polished
		Centre-South, Morocco	Iron Hexahedrite (IIAB)	4 billion years Time of Fall: 40,000 years ago	2000
	1.2 Taenite
	Taenite (Fe,Ni) is a mineral found naturally on Earth mostly in iron meteorites. It is an alloy of iron and nickel, with nickel proportions of 20% up to 65%. Taenite is a major constituent of iron meteorites. In octahedrites it is found in bands interleaving with kamacite forming Widmanstatten patterns Hardness: 5 -5.5
	Name	Location	Classification	Age	Year Found	Rough	After Polished
	1.2.1 Campo del Cielo Meteorites	Argentina	Taenite Coarse Octahedrite (IAB)	4.5 billion years Time of Fall: between 4,000-6,000 years ago	1576
	1.2.2 Henbury Meteorites	west-southwest of Henbury, Northern Territory, central Australia	Taenite medium octahedrite (IIIAB)	4.56 billion years Time of Fall: 4,700 years ago	1931
	1.2.3 Canyon Diablo Meteorites	Arizona	Taenite coarse octahedrite (IA)	between 4.53 to 4.58 billion years Time of Fall: 49,000 years ago	1891
2.	Stony Meteorites
	More than 95% of meteorites observed to fall to Earth are stony. They can be divided into chondrites and achondrites. Both types are composed mostly of silicate minerals, but the great majority also contain metallic iron in small-scattered grains.
	2.1 Chondrites
	Chondrites are named for their most prominent feature - millimeter-sized spherical bodies called chondrules. These chondrules (from the Greek for small sphere) formed 4.5 billion years ago in the Solar Nebula - the cloud of gas and dust from which the Sun, planets, asteroids, and comets formed.
	2.1.1 NWA 869	These meteorites are found in the middle of the desert near no post office! So a numbering system used by the Meteoritical Society (An non-profit organization founded in 1933 by American) incorporates the order of recovery for specimens and their GPS locations.
		Location	Classification	Age	Year Found	Rough	After Polished
		Northwest Africa	Chondrites (L4-6)	4.55 billion years	2000
	2.1.2 Gujba Meteorite	Location	Classification	Age	Year Found	Rough	After Polished
	2.1.2 Gujba Meteorite	Bogga Dingare, Yobe State, Nigeria	Chondrites bencubbinite (class CBa)	4.56 billion years	1984
	2.1.3 Chelyabinsk Meteorite	The Chelyabinsk meteorite (Russian: Челябинский метеорит) is the fragmented remains of the large Chelyabinsk meteor of 15 February 2013 which reached the ground after the meteor's passage through the atmosphere. The descent of the meteor, visible as a brilliant superbolide in the morning sky, caused a series of shock waves that shattered windows, damaged approximately 7,200 buildings and left 1,500 people injured. The resulting fragments were scattered over a wide area.
		Location	Classification	Age	Year Found	Rough	After Polished
		Lake Chebarkul, Chelyabinsk Oblast, Russia	Chondrites (LL5)	4.55 billion years Time of Fall: 15 February 2013	27 February 2013
	2.2 Achondrites
	Less common, comprising only a few percent of all meteorites, are achondrites. These are also stony meteorites composed primarily of silicates, but these meteorites have experienced familiar geologic processes of melting and differentiation - although these happened long ago. Most achondrites formed on asteroids during the birth of the Solar System, but a small number formed on Mars and the Moon.
	2.2.1 NWA 4664	Location	Classification	Age	Year Found	Rough	After Polished
	2.2.1 NWA 4664	Algeria, Northwest Africa	Achondrites (diogenite, polymict breccia)	over 4 billion years	2006
	2.2.2 Johnstown	Colorado, United States	Achondrite (a calcium-poor diogenite)	4.43 - 4.55 billion years	1924
3.	Stony-iron meteorites
	Stony-iron meteorites, contain about equal proportions of metal and silicate material, and are rare (less than 2% of all known meteorites). Stony-iron meteorites form in places where metal and silicate are mixed. They are divided into two groups: the pallasites and the mesosiderites
	3.1 Pallasites
	One type of stony-iron are pallasites - rocks composed of a network of iron-nickel metal surrounding a greenish, silicate mineral called olivine. Pallasites probably form when the olivine-rich mantle of an asteroid mixes with the metallic core.
	3.1.1 Seymchan	Location	Classification	Age	Year Found	Rough	After Polished
	3.1.1 Seymchan	Magadan Oblast, Russia	Pallasite Coarse octahedrite (IIE)	over 4 billion years	1967
	3.1.2 Brahin	Belarus, Russia	Pallasite Medium octahedrite	4.5 billion years	1807
	3.1.3 Imilac	Atacama Desert (Chile)	Pallasite	4.5 billion years	1822
	3.14 Sericho	(Habaswein)，North-Eastern, Kenya	Pallasite	4.5 billion years	2016
	3.2 Mesosiderites
	Mesosiderites are mixtures of iron-nickel metal and basalt and probably formed by the collision of two asteroids.
		Location	Type	Age	Year Found	Rough	After Polished
	3.2.1 Vaca Muerta	Atacama Desert, (Chile)	Mesosiderite (AI)	over 4 billion years	1861
	3.2.2 NWA 2932	Northwest Africa (Morocco)	Mesosiderite	over 4 billion years	2005

References: [1] Meteoritical Bulletin 106 (2018) Meteoritics & Planet. Sci, 53, in prep. [2] https://www.lpi.usra.edu/meteor/metbull.php?code=65717; https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2018/pdf/1556.pdf; http://geology.com; http://www.mindat.org; http://www.meteorites.com.au; www.collectingmeteorites.com; www.arizonaskiesmeteorites.com;http://www.lpi.usra.edu; www.meteoriteguy.com; geology.com; www.meteorite-pictures.org; http://www.freeexistence.org; www.reporterherald.com; http://www.meteorite-recon.com; http://www.encyclopedia-of-meteorites.com; http://www.meteorite.fr; https://meteorites.asu.edu; http://meteorite.museums.ualberta.ca; The Book of Stones by Robert Simmons & Naisha Ahsian

Classification of Meteorites:
1.	Iron Meteorites				2.	Stony Meteorites				3.	Stony-iron meteorites
	1.1	Kamacite	1.2	Taenite		2.1	Chondrites	2.2	Achondrites		3.1	Pallasites	3.2	Mesosiderites

Classification of Meteorites
1.	Iron Meteorites
	Iron meteorites are composed of iron and nickel and are extremely dense. They are pieces of the cores of asteroids. Early in Solar System history, asteroids melted and the dense iron-nickel metal sank to the center to form a core - much like the Earth has a core. One of the most distinguishing features of meteorites is the presence of the Widmanstatten pattern - the distinctive series of bands in geometric patterns. This pattern is created by the intergrowth of two different iron-nickel minerals formed during very slow cooling (a few degrees every million years) in the core of the asteroid. The presence of nickel is a universal feature of iron meteorites. Iron meteorites are subdivided into classes both by chemical composition and structure. Structural classes are determined by studying their 2 component iron-nickel alloys: Kamacite and Taenite.
	1.1 Kamacite
	Kamacite is an alloy of iron and nickel, the proportion iron:nickel is beteween 90:10 to 95:5; small quantities of other elements, such as cobalt or carbon may also be present. It is a major constituent of iron meteorites (octahedrite and hexahedrite types). In the octahedrites it is found in bands interleaving with taenite forming Widmanstatten patterns. In hexahedrites, fine parallel lines called Neumann lines are often seen, which are evidence for structural deformation of adjacent kamacite plates due to shock from impacts. Hardness: around 4
	1.1.1 Gibeon Meteorites	The Giben Meteorite is a fine octahedrite iron meteorite which flamed into our atmosphere as a visible star-like streak an estimated 30,000 years ago, landing in what is present day Namibia. Prior to this, the Gibeon meteorite traveled through space for over 4 billion years before it was finally trapped by the Earth's gravitational field and pulled to earth as a fire ball.
		Location Found	Classification	Age	Year Found	Rough	After Polished
		Gibeon (Namibia)	Kamacite Fine Octahedrite (IVA)	4 billion years Time of Fall: ~ 30,000 years ago	1838
	1.1.2 Muonionalusta Meteorite	The Muonionalusta is a meteorite classified as fine octahedrite, type IVA (Of) which impacted in northern Scandinavia, west of the border between Sweden and Finland, about one million years BCE.
		Location	Classification	Age	Year Found	Rough	After Polished
		Norrbotten (Sweden)	Kamacite Fine Octahedrite (IVA)	4 billion years Time of Fall: about one millions years BCE.	1906
	1.1.3 Sikhote-Alin Meteorite	A conical meteorite fell in a corn field near the village of Bogga Dingare after a bright fireball was witnessed moving west to east and an explosion was heard. The local people hammered the meteorite into many pieces, and most of the material was dispersed.
		Location	Type	Age	Year Found	Rough	After Polished
		Sikhote-Alin Mountains, Maritime Province, Russia	Kamacite coarse octahedrite (IIAB)	4.5 Billion years Time of Fall: 1947, February 12	1956
	1.1.4 Agoudal Iron Meteorite	Also Known As: Imilchil. In 2000 two small pieces of "iron" were collected in the Agoudal area, High Atlas Mountains, Morocco. Later in September 2011, one piece was sold to a dealer who recognized it as an iron meteorite. Since then many more pieces have been collected. Type IIAB iron meteorites are also called hexahedrites. Hexahedrites are low nickel iron meteorites.
		Location	Type	Age	Year Found	Rough	After Polished
		Centre-South, Morocco	Iron Hexahedrite (IIAB)	4 billion years Time of Fall: 40,000 years ago	2000
	1.2 Taenite
	Taenite (Fe,Ni) is a mineral found naturally on Earth mostly in iron meteorites. It is an alloy of iron and nickel, with nickel proportions of 20% up to 65%. Taenite is a major constituent of iron meteorites. In octahedrites it is found in bands interleaving with kamacite forming Widmanstatten patterns Hardness: 5 -5.5
	Name	Location	Classification	Age	Year Found	Rough	After Polished
	1.2.1 Campo del Cielo Meteorites	Argentina	Taenite Coarse Octahedrite (IAB)	4.5 billion years Time of Fall: between 4,000-6,000 years ago	1576
	1.2.2 Henbury Meteorites	west-southwest of Henbury, Northern Territory, central Australia	Taenite medium octahedrite (IIIAB)	4.56 billion years Time of Fall: 4,700 years ago	1931
	1.2.3 Canyon Diablo Meteorites	Arizona	Taenite coarse octahedrite (IA)	between 4.53 to 4.58 billion years Time of Fall: 49,000 years ago	1891
2.	Stony Meteorites
	More than 95% of meteorites observed to fall to Earth are stony. They can be divided into chondrites and achondrites. Both types are composed mostly of silicate minerals, but the great majority also contain metallic iron in small-scattered grains.
	2.1 Chondrites
	Chondrites are named for their most prominent feature - millimeter-sized spherical bodies called chondrules. These chondrules (from the Greek for small sphere) formed 4.5 billion years ago in the Solar Nebula - the cloud of gas and dust from which the Sun, planets, asteroids, and comets formed.
	2.1.1 NWA 869	These meteorites are found in the middle of the desert near no post office! So a numbering system used by the Meteoritical Society (An non-profit organization founded in 1933 by American) incorporates the order of recovery for specimens and their GPS locations.
		Location	Classification	Age	Year Found	Rough	After Polished
		Northwest Africa	Chondrites (L4-6)	4.55 billion years	2000
	2.1.2 Gujba Meteorite	Location	Classification	Age	Year Found	Rough	After Polished
	2.1.2 Gujba Meteorite	Bogga Dingare, Yobe State, Nigeria	Chondrites bencubbinite (class CBa)	4.56 billion years	1984
	2.1.3 Chelyabinsk Meteorite	The Chelyabinsk meteorite (Russian: Челябинский метеорит) is the fragmented remains of the large Chelyabinsk meteor of 15 February 2013 which reached the ground after the meteor's passage through the atmosphere. The descent of the meteor, visible as a brilliant superbolide in the morning sky, caused a series of shock waves that shattered windows, damaged approximately 7,200 buildings and left 1,500 people injured. The resulting fragments were scattered over a wide area.
		Location	Classification	Age	Year Found	Rough	After Polished
		Lake Chebarkul, Chelyabinsk Oblast, Russia	Chondrites (LL5)	4.55 billion years Time of Fall: 15 February 2013	27 February 2013
	2.2 Achondrites
	Less common, comprising only a few percent of all meteorites, are achondrites. These are also stony meteorites composed primarily of silicates, but these meteorites have experienced familiar geologic processes of melting and differentiation - although these happened long ago. Most achondrites formed on asteroids during the birth of the Solar System, but a small number formed on Mars and the Moon.
	2.2.1 NWA 4664	Location	Classification	Age	Year Found	Rough	After Polished
	2.2.1 NWA 4664	Algeria, Northwest Africa	Achondrites (diogenite, polymict breccia)	over 4 billion years	2006
	2.2.2 Johnstown	Colorado, United States	Achondrite (a calcium-poor diogenite)	4.43 - 4.55 billion years	1924
3.	Stony-iron meteorites
	Stony-iron meteorites, contain about equal proportions of metal and silicate material, and are rare (less than 2% of all known meteorites). Stony-iron meteorites form in places where metal and silicate are mixed. They are divided into two groups: the pallasites and the mesosiderites
	3.1 Pallasites
	One type of stony-iron are pallasites - rocks composed of a network of iron-nickel metal surrounding a greenish, silicate mineral called olivine. Pallasites probably form when the olivine-rich mantle of an asteroid mixes with the metallic core.
	3.1.1 Seymchan	Location	Classification	Age	Year Found	Rough	After Polished
	3.1.1 Seymchan	Magadan Oblast, Russia	Pallasite Coarse octahedrite (IIE)	over 4 billion years	1967
	3.1.2 Brahin	Belarus, Russia	Pallasite Medium octahedrite	4.5 billion years	1807
	3.1.3 Imilac	Atacama Desert (Chile)	Pallasite	4.5 billion years	1822
	3.14 Sericho	(Habaswein)，North-Eastern, Kenya	Pallasite	4.5 billion years	2016
	3.2 Mesosiderites
	Mesosiderites are mixtures of iron-nickel metal and basalt and probably formed by the collision of two asteroids.
		Location	Type	Age	Year Found	Rough	After Polished
	3.2.1 Vaca Muerta	Atacama Desert, (Chile)	Mesosiderite (AI)	over 4 billion years	1861
	3.2.2 NWA 2932	Northwest Africa (Morocco)	Mesosiderite	over 4 billion years	2005

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